Since at least the ideas of Emile Argand in the early 20 th century, geologists have mused over how structures exposed at the Earth’s surface pass to depth in mountain belts. With the acquisition of deep seismic reflection profiles, particularly through the 1980s, these studies have been increasingly popular. Central to much of this activity has been the idea that thrust tectonic models can be applied to sections of lithosphere rather than be restricted to just simple sedimentary successions. And so there has been a trend to apply section balancing methods to crustal cross-sections. Renewed impetus has arrived with the increasing interest in Himalayan orogeny during the late 1990s and early 21 st century.
(pdfs where available):
Butler, R.W.H. 1983. Balanced cross-sections and their implications for the deep structure of the NW Alps.J. Struct. Geol. 5 , 125-13.
Butler, R.W.H. 1984. Balanced cross-sections and their implications for the deep structure of the NW Alps: reply. J. Struct. Geol. 6, 607-612.
Butler, R.W.H. & Coward, M.P. 1984. Geological constraints, structural evolution and the deep geology of the NW Scottish Caledonides.Tectonics 3, 347-365.
Coward, M.P. & Butler, R.W.H. 1985. Thrust tectonics and the deep structure of the Pakistan Himalaya. Geology 13, 417-420.
Butler, R.W.H., Matthews, S.J. & Parish, M. 1986. The NW external Alpine thrust belt and its implications for the geometry of the Western Alpine orogen. In: Collision Tectonics (ed. M.P. Coward & A.C. Ries) Spec. Publs. Geol. Soc. London 19, 245-263.
Butler, R.W.H.1986. Thrust tectonics, deep structure and crustal subduction in the Alps and Himalayas . J. Geol. Soc. London 143, 857-873.
Butler, R.W.H. 1989. The geometry of crustal shortening in the Western Alps . In: Tectonic evolution of Tethyan Regions (ed. B.C. Burchfiel & A.M.C. Sengor) Proc. NATO ASI, Kluwer, Dordrecht C259, 43-76.
Butler, R.W.H. & Coward, M.P. 1989. Crustal scale thrusting and continental subduction during Himalayan collision tectonics on the NW Indian plate. In: Tectonic evolution of Tethyan Regions (ed. B.C. Burchfiel & A.M.C. Sengor) Proc. NATO ASI, Kluwer, Dordrecht C259, 387-413.
Butler, R.W.H. 1990. Balancing sections on a crustal scale: a view from the western Alps . Proc. 6th. Workshop EGT, European Science Foundation, 157-164.
Butler, R.W.H. 1990. Notes on crustal balancing along the Alpine segment of the European Geotraverse. In: The European Geotraverse: integrative studies (eds. R. Freeman, P. Giese & S. Mueller). European Science Foundation, 263-276.
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